Top 20 Psychological Movies of All Time

Psychological movies are not all about pscyhotic individuals and psychologists, nor are they all thrillers. Some psychological movies portray hope and the triumph of human resilience; however, few film-goers would deny that Alfred Hitchock was the king of psychological film, and his films portray both darkness and possible redemption. The following top psychological movies of all time are just a sampling of some of the greatest psychological films produced by Hollywood (and elsewhere).

The movies are listed in order of release to show the vast difference in earlier movie portrayals of psychological issues and current perspectives on the same.

1.) MockingbirdTo Kill a Mockingbird (1962): Heroes and exemplars abound in this epic film about a white attorney in the Depression-era South, who defends a Black man accused of rape. Based upon Harper Lee’s Pulitzer Prize-winning novel, this film serves as a historical note about prejudice and social inequality.

2.) In Cold Blood (1967): Nominated for four Oscars, this film was based upon the book of the same name, penned by Truman Capote. The film goes into the lives of two men on trial for killing the Clutter family in Kansas. Some scenes were filmed on the locations of the original events, in Garden City and Holcomb, Kansas including the Clutter residence. In 2008, In Cold Blood was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being “culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant.”

3.) One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest (1975): Look at this movie as an historic (yet satirical) venture into the barbaric and controlling treatment of patients at a psychiatric hospital during the mid-twentieth century. This film, which stars Jack Nicholson, remains as fresh and shocking as when it was released.

4.) Taxi DriverTaxi Driver (1976): Directed by Martin Scorsese, this is a gritty, disturbing, nightmarish modern film classic that examines alienation in urban society. It explores the psychological madness within an obsessed, twisted, inarticulate, lonely, anti-hero cab driver and war vet (De Niro). Jodi Foster, who also starred in Silence of the Lambs (see below), was required to undergo psychological tests to see if she would bear up during filming.

5.) The Breakfast Club (1985): The Breakfast Club is a 1985 teen film widely considered a definitive work in the genre. A timeless film that takes on teen issues and group dynamics. As late as 2008, the film was selected by Empire magazine as one of The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time.

6.) Fatal Attraction (1987): This movie struck so many chords that the term, “fatal attraction,” came to mean “murderous obsession.” Fatal Attraction spawned numerous other movies about middle-class families besieged by a lone psychotic intent on infiltrating and destroying the fabric of the family unit, including The Stepfather (1987), Pacific Heights (1990), The Hand that Rocks the Cradle (1992), and Fear (1996).

7.) Silence of the Lambs (1991): An intelligent psychiatrist turned psychopath Hannibal Lecter (portrayed by British actor Anthony Hopkins) brought a major commercial and critical success to this film. This film remains so disturbing that it was rumored that co-star Jodi Foster refused to participate in the sequel. The film was a five-time major Academy-Award winner.

8.) The Prince of Tides (1991): A troubled man talks to his suicidal sister’s psychiatrist about their family history and falls in love with her in the process. A great portrayal of transference, as well as a taste of southern life. Although not as critically acclaimed as the novel by the same name, the movie was a box-office hit and was nominated for several Academy Awards, including Best Picture.

9.) The Fisher King (1991): This movie script follows a path that is as convoluted as the personalities who fill that script’s roles. The film tackles homelessness, Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome (PSTD), depression, manic flights, romance and a Holy Grail.

10.) Shawshank RedemptionThe Shawshank Redemption (1994): One of the most popular films ever made, perhaps due to the ease an individual can relate to the story of a man wrongfully imprisoned but never giving up hope. A great film to recommend as a treatment adjunct.

11.) As Good As It Gets (1997): Ever wonder how obssesive compulsive disorder affects some relationships? This movie, starring Jack Nicholson, tries to improve his behavior to impress a single mom (Helen Hunt) with a chronically asthmatic young son.

12.) American Beauty (1999): A depressed suburban father in a mid-life crisis decides to turn his hectic life around after developing an infatuation for his daughter’s attractive friend. A great script centers this Oscar-winning film about mindfulness, finding beauty in each moment, and the possibility that each individual holds for change.

13.) Analyze This (1999): Released just eight years after The Prince of Tides (see below), this movie shows the shift that the public took on analysts and psychologists. More of a pop culture film, Billy Crystal plays a psychologist to Robert Deniro’s gangster client character, creating less drama and more comedy.

14.) Memento (2000): A man who suffers from retrograde amnesia uses notes and tattoos to hunt for the man he thinks killed his wife. This movie was an art-house noir made for $5 million and released by a novice distributor after no other company would touch it. After approximately months in release, the film even entered the list of top 10 highest-grossing films.

15.) A Beautiful Mind (2001): Based upon the true story of John Forbes Nash, Jr. and his struggle with schizophrenia, this film pulls audiences into Nash’s harrowing journey. The film also is a note to triumph, as Nash receives a Nobel Prize later in life for his mathematical discoveries.

16.) Donnie DarkoDonnie Darko (2001): This surrealist psychological thriller film depicts the reality-bending adventures of the title character as he seeks the meaning and significance behind his troubling Doomsday-related visions. Despite its poor box office showing, the film began to attract a devoted fan base. Additionally, the film received widespread critical acclaim.

17.) Iris (2001): This film is based upon John Bayley’s memoir of his wife, Irish Murdoch, and is a portrayal of Alzheimer’s Disease. Jim Broadbent won an Oscar for his portrayal of John Bayley.

18.) The Ted Bundy Story: Antisocial personality disorder personified in a killer who stalked and killed at least 30 women during the 1970s and 1980s. Sadistic and sociopathic, Bundy holds many of the disorders and personality traits that forensic police now use to profile other serial killers. In real life, Bundy underwent multiple psychiatric examinations and his diagnosis changed frequently.

19.) Capturing the Friedmans (2003): This documentary film focuses on the 1980s investigation of Arnold and Jesse Friedman for child molestation. It was nominated for the Academy Award for Documentary Feature in 2003. Elvis Mitchell of The New York Times wrote, “Mr. Jarecki so recognizes the archetypal figures in the Friedman home that he knows to push things any further through heavy-handed assessment would be redundant.”

20.) Running with Scissors (2006): The son of an alcoholic father and an unstable mother, Augusten Burroughs is handed off to his mother’s therapist, Dr. Finch, and spends his adolescent years as a member of Finch’s bizarre extended family. A comedy-drama film, this is one of a few films based upon an actual memoir.

Have you ever seen a movie titled "Lie to Me" ? If so, you must be familiar with the name of 'Dr. Cal Lightman' mustn't you ?
He knows when a person do lie just by looked their face, how's the story ?
Here, I give the synopsis :)

In Lie to Me, Tim Roth plays Dr. Cal Lightman, a scientist specializing in decoding facial expressions and body language.
He's bursting with fun facts, asserting that there are, on average,
"three lies per 10 minutes of conversation." Like Monk and Psych and The Mentalist, Lie offers us an eccentric who's brought in by law enforcement to solve crimes. He's got a British accent, so we know he's intelligent and a bit dotty.
And he's got an attractive female associate (The Practice's Kelli Williams) who's also full of fun facts: "In a fake smile, there's no eye-wrinkling."

Naturally, Dr. Lightman encounters skeptics who call him a "carnival act", just as naturally, he proves them wrong.
Lie to Me is derivative yet well crafted, predictable yet ever-so-slightly novel (all those new fun facts!), so it's no wonder that Fox thinks it's got itself a potential hit worthy of post–American Idol time-period status.

Historical Writings on Parapsychology and Its Contributions to Psychology

The modern historiography of clinical psychology and psychiatry was deeply affected by Henri F. Ellenberger’s The Discovery of the Unconscious (1970). Not only did Ellenberger provide a detailed discussion of ideas of the unconscious that was unprecedented, as seen in the work of Sigmund Freud, Pierre Janet, and Carl G. Jung, among others, but he also argued that interest in parapsychological phenomena and spiritism was an important contributing factor to the development of ideas of the mind. Ellenberger credited the early mesmerists with observations of phenomena that occurred during the mesmeric trance such as secondary personalities and state specific memory, phenomena which supported the idea of non-conscious levels or layers of the mind. Furthermore, in this context Ellenberger mentioned interest in such phenomena as table turning and mediumship. He was aware of the work of the Society for Psychical Research (SPR) and of the importance of such figures as Frederic W. H. Myers (for links to information on Myers and his own writings click here, and for a bibliography on Myers, click here). While these issues were not the main thrust of Ellenberger’s work, both his prestige as a scholar and his painstaking research opened the door to the positive consideration of psychical research as an influential force in psychology (on Ellenberger’s contributions to the historiography of psychiatry and psychology see Micale, 1993).

More recently, others have expanded considerably on Ellenberger. Examples are Alan Gauld’s A History of Hypnotism (1992), and Adam Crabtree’s From Mesmer to Freud: Magnetic Sleep and the Roots of Psychological Healing (1993). Both authors discuss mesmerism and hypnosis, but Crabtree also includes spiritualism and psychical research in his discussion. They have shown that a variety of concepts of the mind, such as ideas of subconscious mental activity, received a significant input from those areas that have been neglected and have been labeled as pseudoscience or simply as peripheral because they were related to parapsychological phenomena. As Crabtree (1993) has argued, all of this research coming from mesmerism and psychical research brought “scientific thinking to bear on phenomena that had largely been reserved for philosophical and theological speculation. And this in turn allowed the development, for the first time, of systematic and effective psychological healing” (p. 280). Furthermore, Crabtree argued following Ellenberger, that “some of the very first speculations on unconscious mental activity” came from attempts to explain table turning (p. ix). Similarly, Crabtree pointed out that studies of hypnosis conducted by SPR members “led to important discoveries about the nature of somnambulistic consciousness” (p. ix).

To some extent, Bertrand Méheust’s (1999a, 1999b) two-volume work Somnambulisme et mediumnité (1784-1930) also chronicles some of this, although his emphasis is on the rejection of psychic phenomena by society, and particularly by scientists and scientific institutions. In any case one may argue that the study of something as hypnosis did not progress simply by shedding the parapsychological. Instead students of parapsychological phenomena were actively contributing conceptually even if their claims are not generally accepted today.

The dissemination of ideas about the subconscious and about the potential of the mind took place to some extent through psychical research and popular writings on psychic phenomena. Some of this is evident in the writings of Fuller (1986), Powell (1979) and Shamdasani (1993). Eugene Taylor (1996) argued in his book William James on Consciousness Beyond the Margins that the writings of SPR workers “were the main conduit to the United States for the latest developments in scientific psychotherapy in England, the Netherlands, Europe and Switzerland. Through them the earliest work of Pierre Janet on dissociation and multiple consciousness was first corroborated and transmitted to the United States in 1887, and in the early 1890s the British group [the SPR], through James and his Boston colleagues, became the route through which first news of the work of Breuer and Freud on hysteria entered the American psychological literature” (p. 23).

There is no question that the efforts of the SPR were influential during the nineteenth century and later in the development of the concept of subconscious selves and of dissociation. A recent article documented the contributions of the SPR workers to the study of dissociation (Alvarado 2002). It was argued that for the 1882-1900 period no other institution in England contributed to our knowledge of dissociation to the same extent as did the SPR. This included the hypnotic work of Edmund Gurney) and the theoretical analyses of Frederic W. H. Myers (e.g., links, bibliography) of the subliminal mind, among other lines of work. For a discussion of Myers’s contributions to psychology see Emily W. Kelly’s (2001) paper.


The SPR work was influential on others, as has been briefly argued by Alvarado (2002). Myers’s work was particularly influential. As Taylor (1996) has argued: “Myers’s formulations were ... central to the development of [William] James’s psychology and philosophy in the 1890s, and they form the epistemological core of James’s scientific activities in abnormal psychology and psychical research” (p. 79). Others have argued that Myers influenced American lay psychotherapeutic movements (Powell, 1979) as well as such figures as Pierre Janet (Crabtree, 2003; Le Maléfan, 1999). I (Alvarado, 2004) have presented a short discussion of the reception of Myers’s classic book Human Personality and Its Survival of Bodily Death.

Other authors have argued for the importance of the study of psychic phenomena in the development of European psychiatry and psychology. In Folie et Spiritisme: Histoire du Discourse Psychopathologique sur la Pratique du Spiritisme, ses Abords et ses Avatars (1850-1950), Pascal Le Maléfan (1999) argued that French psychiatrists, threatened by the phenomena produced by mediums, reacted by appropriating some of the features of mediumship through the creation of particular psychiatric conditions. While the phenomena were not accepted as paranormal they influenced psychiatry and psychology nonetheless. Further examples of this, Le Maléfan argued, were the discussions of mediumship as examples of “doubling” (dédoublement), or the dissociation of consciousness in mediums. Among those influenced by SPR work and by the phenomena of mediums in their conceptualizations of dissociation, were such figures as Alfred Binet, Pierre Janet and Theodore Flournoy.

In Naissannce d’une Science Humaine: La Psychologie: Les Psychologues et le “Merveilleux Psychique”, Régine Plas (2000) argued that the idea of a subconscious mind was intimately connected to the study of psychic phenomena in France. She documented the telepathic (“mental suggestion”) work of Pierre Janet and Charles Richet, among others. In her view, “attempts to understand how thought could be transmitted ... without apparent exterior signs is what affirmed the existence of a substantive and psychic unconscious” (p. 122).

Alvarado (2002), Crabtree (1993, 2003), Méheust (1999b), and Shamdasani (1993) argue that psychical researchers have contributed to our knowledge of automatisms. Similarly, the early ESP work of Charles Richet and others contributed to the development of statistical techniques and of randomization procedures in psychology (on this see Hacking [1988], who cannot conceal his distrust and dismissal of psychical research). The point has also been made that a good proportion of the modern psychological studies of out-of-body experiences have been contributed by researchers who worked in the context of parapsychology and published in parapsychology journals (Alvarado, 1992).

There is certainly much to be done to study the contributions of psychical research to psychological knowledge. I would argue that parapsychology has contributed actively to the development of concepts of the mind, particularly the mind as a nonphysical agent. The ideas of Myers as well as of such later workers as William McDougall, J. B. Rhine, Robert Thouless and B. P. Weisner, and John Beloff are cases in point. Regardless of the validity of those views, perhaps we should see them as historians do when they examine the philosophical and scientific ideas of Aristotle and Descartes today. That is, regardless of their current validity or acceptance, we can see these ideas as contributions to the intellectual history of our attempts to understand human nature.

There have also been contributions to conventional ways to explain parapsychological phenomena that deserve study and recognition. Psychical researchers themselves, and not only their critics, have been active along these lines. This includes fraud (such as the work of Hereward Carrington, and Julian Ochorowicz), problems with human testimony (Edmund Gurney, Richard Hodgson, Eleonor M. Sidgwick, Donald J. West) and phenomena such as hallucinations, automatisms and the creation of secondary personalities (Théodore Flournoy, James H. Hyslop, Enrico Morselli, F. W. H. Myers, and René Sudre). Perhaps one day we will see such parapsychologists as Whately Carington, J.G. Pratt, Charles Stuart, and Charles Honorton credited as contributors to methodologies to measure mentation quantitatively.

Furthermore, I would like to see future histories of psychology mention the contributions of parapsychologists to the human potential movement and to the empirical study of the variety of human experience. Future examinations of the work of parapsychologists may extend our understanding to the point that we may see histories that do not trivialize parapsychology work even if the ontological status of our claims has not been resolved. This does not need to be limited to psychology. As seen in some existing works (e.g., Biondi, 1988; Luckhurst, 2002), interest in, and study of, psychic phenomena has interacted with and influenced literature, religion and many practices and beliefs.

READ THESE ! :D

Hi guys, This time I want to give some reference of some books about parapsychology .. You can find these books easily :)
here are the pictures !

happy reading :))

FACE READING

In China, the art of face reading has been known since the time of Confucius, or Confucianism. However, it was not for the benefit of reading the face of predictions, but used by physicians as an aid to diagnosing a disease.

The practice of face reading first appeared in the 6th century BC. Compared to the method of West and India, the Chinese art of reading faces is more difficult. A reader's face first must classify the forms of individual faces by assessing the color, size, and certain defects in the facial area. In essence, the face is divided into 130 areas. Each area is a specific life situation and age. By observing the five elements of productive and destructive cycle (wood, fire, earth, metal, water) and the theory of yin-yang, the face of a skilled reader is able to predict certain events, diagnose disease, or to understand someone's personality.

In addition, the face of the Twelve includes the Palace, the different areas around the face; Thirteen positions in a line extending from the forehead to the chin; Twelve Earthly Branches to form a circle around the face, and face following the Three Areas and the Five Mountains Four Rivers (Art Reading Faces and Hand Lines, Man-Ho Kwok, 2002).

In the teachings of Feng Shu's body, the face is divided into three parts, the first part (forehead to the eyebrows), representing the sky; the second part (eyebrow to the tip of the nose) represents man (the person itself), and the third part (tip of nose to chin) representing earth. The ideal situation is a heaven, man and earth are in perfect harmony (Body Feng Shui, Chao-Hsiu Chen, 2003).

Basically, the experts who have experience are able to analyze a person's face quickly and accurately. Through face, we can find pride, friendliness, fate, sexual desire, honesty, ambition, creativity, health, perseverance, ruthlessness, and others of a human nature. Well, do not be surprised if someone looked at your face serious linger. Maybe he is analyzing the nature and character.

Shape of the face were also able to reveal a lot about your personality. According to the experts see the face, the shape and position of the eyes, nose, chin, ears and everything else is talking a lot about your personality. Any information you have a sense of face.

Try to observe the face so that you will find the interpretation and you will know what a face in detail. Including eyebrow shape and height, angle and the subtlety of the ears, mouth length, width of ibir and other things to determine ways of thinking and personality.

Physical your face reflects exactly who you are inside. That's why reading faces is a very effective and accurate in observing people. When you grow up there will be a change in yourself, you change your face on the outside. That means you face a lot of meaning than you might think.

In the Western, it's called physiognomy. This science is considered an ancient heritage of extraordinary efficacy. Many scholars studying ancient Greek physiognomy to interpret a variety of nature and character through a variety of face shapes, hair color, limbs, and voice. Works of Aristotle and Hippocrates considered as part of the most ancient practical philosophy that systematically discuss the physiognomy.

In the classical period, the study of physiognomy are more descriptive. Developments in the Middle Ages went on to show that the more developed side of the physiognomy and astrology predictions, often enter into the magical and mythical. By then, Arab writers a lot to contribute to the literature of Western physiognomy.

In the 18 th century and the 19th, physiognomy is used by some practitioners as a method to detect the trend of crime. Then developed phrenology (phrenology), namely the study of the shape of the head as an indication of a person's mental and nature. Franz-Joseph Gall based on purely empirical analysis concluded the skull forms a skull categorized as "criminals".

Similarly, with Lombroso. He suspects there is a close relationship between the nature of psychopathic criminals with the size of the skull. In the 1920s, Edward Vincent Jones, a prosecutor, even studying the physiognomy to look for indicators of criminal character by the shape of the face.

In the 1960s, U.S. psychologist, Paul Ekman, found that the face is a very efficient instrument for communication. He also thought that there should be formulas that govern how to interpret the face. "There are fundamental lessons to be learned through a person's face," he said (Face Reading Art, Woodrow Roos et al, 2006).

At the time of the Roman empire, reading faces an honorable profession.

However, in England during Queen Elizabeth I, the science of physiognomy is so despised, to the extent that the Queen gave the word, "Anyone who mastered the science of physiognomy or 'fantastic imagination', should be stripped and flogged half to his chest bruised," (Reading Character Through face, Lailan Young, 1997).
Generally, the literature circulating physiognomy, based on the method of character analysis which considers Western physical characteristics and behavior. In India, knowledge of physiognomy entirely rooted in ancient scriptures like the Puranas and the Shastras Samudrik.

Many physical characteristics of a person's face, including other body parts, described by the classical poems of Hindu, just like in the ancient book of the Ramayana. Sprott, for example, that women are perfect for beautiful hair, soft, black, and uniforms. This is not supported eyebrows meet, within flat teeth, and bone temples and eyes are symmetrical and in good shape. Plus a glowing skin and a polite smile, be what the Sprott's physiognomy guiding India to the present.

While Sprott husband, Rama, described as having a pleasant face, neck shaped like a snail, neck bones is buried in the flesh and not visible. While the corners of his eyes had florid complexion, his voice deep and sounded like a drum. It is said also, Rama heroic visage, smooth skin, and the da-ri body symmetrical and has signs of a ba-ik (Reveals the Secrets of Body, Girish Ashok Mukherjee, 2006).

Although each of the characteristics of a variety of physiognomy is important, but the face is considered the most important of all. The face is the part of members of the body most easily observed as seen from outside.

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Jaw Type

Prominent jaw

Is your jaw large and prominent?

Our expert says...

Your strengths: A large jaw is generally a sign of strength and physical resistance. It also indicates common sense in day-to-day affairs. You're very enterprising in love and you're not afraid of making the first move: you like to be in charge in a relationship, just like you do in the office! You're an active kind of girl who is prepared to fight and defend her territory.

Your weaknesses: Impatience! You don't cope well with frustration, so your needs have to be fulfilled!

Small jaw

Is your jaw lacking in definition, and the bottom of your face oval?

Our expert says...

Your strengths: You're sophisticated and demanding. You enjoy the pleasures in life, though you go for quality over quantity in your relationships with people. A deep person who seeks value and authenticity, you like intimate, harmonious, community vibes. You assert yourself, but with finesse!

Your weaknesses: You hang onto traditions, and your conventional side sometimes gets in your way. You're very demanding and sometimes intolerant: you never let the slightest mistake pass.

What Your Nose Says About You ?

SHORT NOSE
Your strengths: You're idealistic, extremely kind and highly sensitive. Your emotional sensitivity and child-like sweetness endear you to people.

Your weaknesses: Because you're often on the defensive, you're not easy to get to know well. You have a dislike of anything that's different, and in times of trouble you close in on yourself (even though the problem is often in your head!).


LONG NOSE

Your strengths: You're an active, decisive kind of person. You're interested in things that move, change and envolve, such as sport, travel and culture. You're dynamic, and you need movement, freedom, space and things to occupy you.

Your weaknesses: You tend to function like a teenager: you try everything without really committing, and chase 'unattainable' ideals, which is why you're permanently dissatisfied. You like making decisions and taking initiative. Your slightly bossy attitude is a handicap in your relationship with others because you like doing things quickly, the way you want them done...and if other people don't agree with you then it's just tough!

ROMAN NOSE

Your strengths: There are no half measures with you! You hate tepid qualities like measure, temperance, sweetness, slowness and objectivity: either you love something or you hate it. You need to believe in and invest your energy in in the things that matter to you. This ardour gives you a special charisma and infectious enthusiasm.

Your weaknesses: You judge on appearances too much, and they can be deceiving! You could tire yourself out trying to do all manner of crazy things to show you're one of the big girls. But don't get left on the sidelines because of your principles: learn to make concessions.

then, what kind of nose you had ? =)

Your Eyes Your Personality

BIG EYES
Your strengths: Big eyes mean you're very receptive, especially if they're light-coloured. You're very open-minded, with endless intellectual curiosity. You hate boredom and your vivid imagination makes you well suited to a creative career.

Your weaknesses: You 'abosorb' everything, hence why you seem distracted and struggle to concentrate if you're bombarded with too much information. You're also hypersensitive, and you react very strongly to certain situations.

SMALL EYES
Your strengths: Small eyes mean small receptors. You have a selective mind. You're organised and thorough, and you like to address problems then and there before moving onto something else, because you hate spreading yourself too thin. When something really interests you, you give it your heart and soul.

Your weaknesses: You're sometimes a bit clumsy and narrow-minded. Try and be more open to things that don't necessarily interest you - they may come in handy one day!

Side Effects of Becoming a Vegetarian

A vegetarian diet is a healthy choice if you pay attention to nutritional requirements and follow a balanced eating plan. The Mayo Clinic created a vegetarian food pyramid that recommends daily food intake of six servings of grains, five servings of nuts, beans, legumes and other protein foods, four servings of vegetables, two of fruit and two of unsaturated fats. (See References 5) Inattention to dietary needs can create side effects that are unpleasant and unhealthy. For vegans, who avoid all animal products, countering potential dietary deficiencies is particularly important.
Vitamin B12 Deficiency

If you are a strict vegetarian and eat no dairy, eggs or other animal products, your diet may be deficient in vitamin B12. Symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency include anemia, weakness, poor balance and tingling in the arms and legs, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. B12 is important for metabolism, maintenance of the central nervous system and the formation of red blood cells. Vegetarian sources of B12 include fortified grains and nutritional yeast, as well as vitamin supplements.

Iron Deficiency

The most readily absorbed iron is available in foods many vegetarians do not consume: red meats, poultry and fish. A lack of sufficient iron can cause anemia. Symptoms of low iron include exhaustion, weakness, slow cognitive development, chills and increased susceptibility to infection. Women who suffer from iron deficiency can give birth to premature or low birth weight infants. But the type of iron found in beans, lentils, enriched grains, spinach, raisins and tofu is adequate for normal nutritional needs. The National Institutes for Health recommends that vegetarians get twice as much iron as non-vegetarians because the type of iron they consume is more difficult to absorb. NIH advises vegetarians to increase iron absorption by taking vitamin C or consuming citrus with plant-based iron sources.

Zinc Deficiency

Zinc helps you to smell and taste. It's also important for the immune system -- zinc helps wounds heal, is a factor in cell division and cell growth and contributes to the process of carbohydrate break down. Zinc is found in high protein foods like meats and dark meat poultry, so vegans and many vegetarians can develop a zinc deficiency. That could result in poor appetite, frequent infections, hair loss and a host of other symptoms. One good way for vegetarians to consume zinc is by eating legumes, peanuts and peanut butter, although zinc from animal protein is more readily absorbed by the body.

Calcium and Bone Loss

Strong bones need calcium and one of the best ways to get it is from dairy products. If milk, yogurt and butter aren't part of your diet, look for cereals, breads and juices that have added calcium, fortified tofu, kale, broccoli and Chinese cabbage. Calcium shortages can lead to thinning bone density and osteoporosis, dental problems and other medical conditions. Calcium helps blood to circulate through the body, muscles to move, nerves to transmit messages from the brain, and it releases hormones and enzymes. The NIH points out that calcium supplements can interfere with some medications so you should check with your health care provider before adding supplements to any diet.

ps : task from page 202

Your Forehead Speak A Lot

Hi guys ! This time I wanna share how to read personality from your forehead's shape. Forehead has many shape, and it speaks different things from one to another person. Here, read and enjoy =D

HIGH FOREHEAD
Is your forehead high and prominent, and your hairline high on top of your head?

Our expert says...

Intellect: You're extremely skilled at digesting information. You like to learn and you're capable of studying demanding, complex subjects like maths, physics or philosophy. Your intelligence needs a channel for expression.

Your temperament: You're very prudent. You're good at spotting and assessing danger. You hate risks and all that goes with them: uncertainty, disorder and irrationality. You seek clarity, security, order and "normality." You take things slowly but surely, and always plan in advance.

AVERAGE FOREHEAD
Is your forehead average sized, not too high or narrow?

Our expert says...

Intellect: You have a good level of intelligence and you're good at seeing both sides of a situation. You like clear ideas and image-driven concepts. You're a very organised person and highly suited to teaching.

Your temperament: Your intellect is a key part of your personality, but feeling and intuition are also very important to you. Your mix of imagination and severity make you a hard-working, balanced person who is capable of unlocking the most difficult of situations.

SMALL FOREHEAD
Is your forehead narrow, your hairline low and your face quite short?

Our expert says...

Intellect: Problems and annoyances wash over you. You use your heart rather than your head to approach life. You're very independent and don't like to waste your time examining and decoding things.

Your temperament: You act first and think afterwards! You like to learn the hard way: from your mistakes. You get your ideas and principles from experience.

How ? I hope this post is useful, and just try to do it. Good luck =D

8 Simple Ways to Read Handwriting

Do you know that your handwriting can show your PERSONALITY ? How ? Here are some ways to read a handwriting, learn then "READY FOR ACTION !" XD

1. Examine the Vertical Slant of the Letters
Look at the slant of the individual letters on the page. A forward slant indicate an emotionally responsive personality. Letters that are straight up and down show a personality that is more reserved emotionally. A left slant to the letters can indicate emotional withdrawal. Letters slanted every which way are indicative of a highly volatile personality.

2. Examine the Horizontal Lines of Words on an Unlined Paper
If your handwriting sample is on an unlined paper, observe the angle of the lines of words. Lines slanting upward indicate optimism and happiness. Sentences running in a downward slant can indicate depression. Straight writing indicates a balanced frame of mind.

3. Examine the Overall Shape of the Letters
Circular or Rounded Handwriting Indicates an open, easy-going or extroverted personality. Angular handwriting with sharp points indicates an aggressive, direct personality. Squared handwriting indicates a practical, scientific or logic based personality. Squiggles and irregular handwriting indicate an artistic, creative personality.

4. Examine the "t"s.
The cross on the "t" is representative of the writer's self esteem. A "t" that is crossed towards the bottom shows someone who has low expectations. A "t" that is crossed high on the bar indicates high self esteem and high expectations for accomplishing personal goals. A "t" that is crossed above the line indicates that the writer sets goals that are over his or her head and has unrealistically inflated self esteem.

5. Examine the "i"s
If the "i"s are dotted directly above the stem, then the writer's mind is in the present. "i"s dotted in front of the stem indicate a writer that is in thinking about the future. "i"s dotted to the left of the stem indicate that the writer dwells in the past.

6. Examine the letter spacing
Letters that are spaced close together indicate an introverted, intense personality. Letters that are spaced farther apart indicate a more open extroverted nature.

7. Examine the pressure applied to the paper while writing
The more pressure applied to the paper, the more stress the writer is under. Heavy writing can also indicate tension and/or emotional intensity.

8. Examine the size of the letters
The size of handwriting samples are directly proportionate to the perceived self importance of the writer. This rule is true of signatures. A large signature means that the writer views themselves as highly important, while a small signature may indicate a weak personality.

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